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The UN General Assembly has adopted 17 sustainable development goals (SDG), subdivided into 169 targets for 2015-2030. They are to be monitored according to an initial list of 244 indicators. These goals and targets make up a common roadmap for all States for the transition towards sustainable development. Consultation has begun, under the aegis of the National Council for Statistical Information (CNIS), to put forward appropriate indicators for monitoring implementation of the SDGs at national level. To achieve this, statistical indicators already available at national level for the 244 international indicators, in an exact or approximate version, have been identified and collected within the Official Statistical Service (SSP), the Banque de France and the Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs. INSEE, which coordinates the statistical work on the indicators for France, produced a leaflet on the SDGs monitoring.

2. Difference between SDGs and MDGs a. MDGs were drawn up by a group of experts in the ‘basement of UN headquarters’ whereas SDGs have evolved after a long and extensive consultative process including 70 Open Working Groups, Civil Society Organizations, thematic consultations, country consultations, participation of general public through face-to-face meetings and online mechanisms and door to door survey; b. While MDGs were focused with only 8 goals, 21 targets and 63 indicators, SDGs include 17 goals with 169 targets. An expert analyses by noble laureates at Copenhagen consensus, suggest that if the UN concentrates on 19 top targets, it can get $20 to $40 in social benefits per dollar spent, while allocating it evenly across all 169 targets would reduce the figure to less than $10. Being smart about spending could be better than doubling or quadrupling the aid budget. c. MDGs had a focus on developing countries with funding came from rich countries. All countries, developed or

a) No poverty b) Zero hunger c) Good health and well-being d) Quality education e) Gender equality f) Clean water and sanitation g) Affordable and clean energy f) Decent work and economic growth g) Industry, innovation and infrastructure i) Reduced inequalities j) Sustainable cities and communities k) Responsible consumption and production l) Climate action m) Life below water n) Life on land o) Peace, justice and strong institutions p) Partnerships for the goals